But I have encountered many small business owners who get into trouble “doing” the wrong marketing activities the right way or “doing” the right marketing activities the wrong way. If you want to “do” the right marketing activities the right way you must start with a marketing plan.
You don’t have to kill a tree to create an effective marketing plan. In fact, you can create a successful marketing plan for your small business in just one day. To begin, don’t worry about writing style or making your plan fancy. Just go get a pencil and paper and let’s get started.
Step 1 – Understand Your Market and Competition
A big mistake that many small business owners make is to latch on to a cool product or service without first understanding the market and what it wants (not what it needs). If you try to sell something that people don’t want, they won’t buy it – it’s that simple.
You want to try and find a market that is like a pond of hungry fish. A good market contains people who have dire wants that are being unmet, so much so that they will jump to buy your solution (product or service).
Ask yourself questions like:
• Are there segments in my market that are being underserved? • Are the segments of my market for my product or service big enough to make money? • How much share of that market do I need to capture, to just break even? • Is there too much competition in the segment of my market to be competitive? • What are the weaknesses in my competition’s offering that I can capitalize on? • Does my market want or value my unique competitive offering?
Step 2 – Understand Your Customer
Getting a good understanding of who your customers are, what the want, and what motivates them to buy is a key to great marketing.
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Don’t confuse “wants” with “needs.” People don’t necessarily buy what they need, buy they’ll most always buy what they want. For instance, have you ever known someone that went to the store to buy a pair of pants that they needed and came back with a new shirt, sweater, and shoes? Or how about the everyday shopper who goes into the supermarket to buy some milk and eggs and comes out with a frozen pizza, cheescake, and other goodies.
People will buy what they want (even if they don’t have the money!), not what they need. And yes, this even applies to those “sophisticated” corporate honchos (I used to be one, I should know).
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You’ll need to ask yourself questions such as:
• How does my potential customer normally buy similar products (i.e. in a store, on the web, door-to-door)? • Who is the primary buyer and the primary buying influencer in the purchasing process (i.e. husband or wife, purchasing agent, project leader, secretary)? • What kind of habits does my customer have? For instance, where do they get their information (i.e. television, newspapers, magazines)? • What are my target customer’s primary motivations for buying (i.e. look good, avoid pain, get rich, be healthy, be popular etc.)
Step 3 – Pick a Niche
If you say that your target customer is “everybody” then nobody will be your customer. The marketplace is jam packed with competition. You’ll have more success jumping up and down in a small puddle than a big ocean. Carve out a specific niche and dominate that niche, then you might consider moving on to a second niche (but not before you’ve dominated the first one!).
You could be a “lawyer that specializes in child accident liability” or a “C.P.A. for used car dealers” or a “dry cleaner for the Heritage Park subdivision in West Oaks, CA.” You get the picture. Make sure to choose a niche that interests you and that is easy to contact. I can’t stress this point enough. There’s nothing more destructive than to pick a niche that you can’t communicate with or that costs you a ton of money to find.
Step 4 – Develop Your Marketing Message
You marketing message is what not only tells your prospect what you do, but persuades them to become your customer. You should develop two types of marketing messages. Your first marketing message should be short and to the point. Some may call this your elevator speech or your audio logo. It’s your response to someone who asks you, “So, what do you do?”
The second type is your complete marketing message that will be included in all your marketing materials and promotions. To make your marketing message compelling and persuasive it should include the following elements:
1. An explanation of your target prospect’s problem. 2. Proof that the problem is so important that it should be solved now, without delay. 3. An explanation about why you are the only person/business that can solve your prospects problem. 4. An explanation of the benefits people will receive from using your solution. 4. Examples and testimonials from customers you have helped with similar problems. 5. An explanation about prices, fees, and payment terms. 6. Your unconditional guarantee.
Step 5 – Determine Your Marketing Medium(s)
Remember, when I said that it’s critical to choose a niche that you can easily contact? When you go to choose your marketing medium(s) you’ll understand why that was sound advice.
Your marketing medium is the communication vehicle you use to deliver your marketing message. It’s important to choose a marketing medium that gives you the highest return on your marketing dollar (ROMD). This means that you want to choose the medium that delivers your marketing message to the most niche prospects at the lowest possible cost.
The following is a smattering of tools you have at your disposal to get your message out:
Newspaper ads Posters Contests Card decks Seminars Television ads Signs Sweepstakes Door-to-door Teleclasses Radio ads Banners Trade shows Yellow pages Articles Classified ads Newsletter Charity events Networking Infomercials Billboards Take-one box Telemarketing Magazine ads Special events Sales letters Flyers Email Movie ads Ezine ads Postcards Doorhangers Agents Media releases Fax broadcasts Brochures Gift Certificates Word-of-mouth Website Sign picketing Business cards Catalogs Air Blimps Public speaking Window display
The trick is to match your message to your market using the right medium. It would do you no good to advertise your retirement community using a fast-paced, loud radio spot on a hip-hop radio station. This is a complete mismatch of the market, message, and medium. Success will come when there is a good match of these three elements.
Step 6 – Set Sales and Marketing Goals
Goals are critical to your success. A “wish” is a goal that hasn’t been written down. If you haven’t written your goals, you’re still just wishing for success. When creating your goals use the SMART formula. Ensure that your goals are, (1) Sensible, (2) Measurable, (3) Achievable, (4) Realistic, and (5) Time specific.
Your goals should include financial elements such as annual sales revenue, gross profit, sales per sales person etc. However, they should also include non-financial elements such as units sold, contracts signed, clients acquired, articles published etc.
Once you’ve set your goals, implement processes to internalize them with all team members such as reviewing them in sales meetings, displaying thermometer posters, awarding achievement prizes etc.
Step 7 – Develop Your Marketing Budget
Your marketing budget can be developed several ways depending whether you want to be more exact or develop just a quick-and-dirty number. It’s good to start out with a quick-and-dirty and support it by doing the numbers.
First, if you have been in business for over a year and tracked your marketing-related expenditures you could easily calculate your “cost to acquire one customer” or “cost to sell one product” by dividing your annual sales and marketing costs by the number of units (or customers acquired) sold.
The next step is to take your cost to sell one unit or acquire one customer and simply multiply it by your unit sales or customer acquisition goal. The result of this simple computation will give you a rough estimate of what you need to invest to meet your sales goals for the next year.
Conclusion
There you have it, The Seven-Step, One-Day Marketing Plan. It’s simple really. Of course you’ll need to study up a bit more about your marketing medium(s) of choice, their appropriateness for your message, and their associated costs. But try not to make the development of your plan a laborious, drawn-out task. Remember the 80-20 rule. 80% of your results will come from 20% of your effort.
My final word of advice is to make sure you set aside uninterrupted time to develop your marketing plan. It could very well be the most important document you and your team members will ever refer to.
Happy planning
David
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David Frey, President of Marketing Best Practices Inc., a Houston-based small business marketing consulting firm. and is the senior editor of the Marketing Best Practices Newsletter featuring small business marketing best practices. http://www.MarketingBestPractices.comDavid@MarketingBestPractices.com
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